The Impact of Premarital Genotype Screening on Sickle Cell Disease, Among Undergraduate Students in Nigeria.

Abstract

Genetic compatibility needs to be carefully considered in an effort to lessen the frequency of sickle cell disease (SCD), especially in Nigeria and other African where the disease has a high burden with morbidity and mortality. The population for the study are undergraduate of Al-hikmah University Ilorin, the multi-stage sampling technique was used in sample selection of the 341 respondents, and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire.  Findings indicate 88.3% fell within age range of 18 – 25 years, 70.1% were female and single representing 93.5% and 76% have heard understand SCD and are generally familiar with the complications of SCD. Only 56% have good knowledge of PMS as the cheapest prevention, while 63% don’t know about premarital sickle cell counselling. Only 56% knew their Hemoglobin genotype, however 12% knew Hemoglobin genotype of their fiancés and 69% are of the opinion of terminate relationship if the genotype result is incompatible. 68% support the establishment of laws prohibiting marriage in      cases of PMS incompatibility. The statistical analysis given that P-value is 0.000, which is < alpha level of 0.05, therefore null hypothesis rejected, it was concluded that knowledge of genetic composition and the potential threat of SCD was robust, mandatory PMS with better counselling strategies and willingness in advocating PMS to intending couples was confirmed. Recommendations, carrier identification and genetic counselling enlightenment on SCD and PMS testing through mass media and screening centers should be made by the government and religious institutions.